POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT DESIGN BASICS

In mains supplied electronic systems the AC input voltage must be converted into a DC voltage with the exactly voltage value and degree of stabilization.
In these basic configurations the peak voltage across the load is equal to the peak value of the AC voltage supplied by the transformer’s secondary winding. In secondary tansformer value 12V AC before passing through the diode is still a voltage Alternating Current (AC)
For most applications the output ripple produced by these circuits is too high.
If a filter capacitor is added after the rectifier diodes the output voltage waveform is improved considerably.

Picture 1 of POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT DESIGN BASICS

In the picture 1 of POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT DESIGN BASICS, described a transformer to change 220VAC to 12V, can be measured using AVO meter in the position of 50VAC scale, read the value in the position of the needle will show 12VAC.

Picture 2 of POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT DESIGN BASICS